11OCTOBER

ON THIS DAY

What happened on October 11?

October 11 connects a war that reshaped southern Africa with a landmark church council and two milestones in human spaceflight.

4 researched moments · 4 themes · reviewed September 2026

4 moments shown

1899

The Second Boer War began

War began between the British Empire and the two Boer republics, the South African Republic and the Orange Free State.

1962

The Second Vatican Council opened

Pope John XXIII formally opened the Second Vatican Council in St. Peter’s Basilica with bishops from around the world attending.

1968

Apollo 7 launched

NASA launched Apollo 7 with astronauts Walter Schirra, Donn Eisele and Walter Cunningham on the first crewed Apollo mission.

1984

Kathryn Sullivan became the first American woman to walk in space

Astronaut Kathryn Sullivan left Space Shuttle Challenger during mission STS-41G to conduct an orbital refueling-system demonstration.

women in spaceNASAspacewalk
SourceNASA

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